Arterio-ureteral fistula due to external iliac artery pseudo-aneurysm rupture

Arterio-ureteral fistulas are uncommon but potentially cause a life-threatening hemorrhage that manifest as gross hematuria. Approximately 90 cases of arterio-ureteral fistulas have been reported in the English-language literature. To our knowledge, there have been no report about this issue in Korea. We experienced 1 patient with arterio-ureteral fistula after pelvic operation and radiation therapy followed by ureteral stent. Arterio-ureteral fistula was diagnosed by selective arteriography and treated by surgical management successfully without complications.