Calcium-phosphorus product concentration is a risk factor of coronary artery disease in metabolic syndrome

Background: High serum phosphorus and the calcium-phosphorus product concentration has been associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease. Objective: This study was designed to determine the relationship between calcium-phosphorus product concentration and the presence of coronary artery calcification in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 2056 general subjects with a mean age of 55.1±9.9 years and a glomerular filtration rate of 88.9±16.2mL/min/1.73m². The enrolled subjects consisted of 384 (18.7%) subjects with MetS and 1672 (81.3%) subjects without MetS. The severity of coronary artery calcification was assessed by the coronary artery calcification score (CACS) using multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT). Results: The CACS correlated with calcium-phosphorus product concentration in subjects with MetS (r=0.184, P<0.01). The odds ratio of calcium-phosphorus product concentration having CACS >50 was1.053 in subjects with MetS (P<0.05). After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, calcium-phosphorus product concentrations had a positive correlation with CACS in subjects with MetS. In single regression analysis, calcium-phosphorus product concentration as independent variable was the significant predictor of CACS in subjects with MetS. Using a multivariate analysis, calcium-phosphorus product concentration remained a significant factor associated with CACS in subjects with MetS. Conclusions: Calcium-phosphorus product concentration was weakly associated with CACS and an independent factor predicting for CACS by MDCT in subjects with MetS. These results suggest that calcium-phosphorus product concentration might be considered as a risk factor of coronary artery disease in subjects with MetS.