Comparison of allele specific oligonucleotide-polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing for high throughput screening of ABL kinase domain mutations in chronic myeloid leukemia resistant to imatinib

To identify a fast and sensitive method for screening for mutations in patients with imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), we compared allele specific oligonucleotide-polymerase chain reaction (ASO-PCR) assay with conventional direct sequencing. Among the 68 imatinib resistant CML patients studied, 18 amino acid substitutions were detected in 44 patients by two assays. The sensitivity of ASO-PCR was superior to that of direct sequencing as it could detect one mutant allele in 100-100,000 wild type sequences. The fastness, simplicity, and sensitivity of ASO-PCR assays will be useful for routine monitoring of mutations, especially for frequently identified mutations.