Abstract
A key element for the cost-effective development of cultured meat is a cell line culturable in serum-free conditions to reduce production costs. Heme supplementation in cultured meat mimics the original meat flavor and color. This study introduced a bacterial extract generated from Corynebacterium that was selected for high-heme expression by directed evolution. A normal porcine cell line, PK15, was used to apply the bacterial heme extract as a supplement. Consistent with prior research, we observed the cytotoxicity of PK15 to the heme extract at 10 mM or higher. However, after long-term exposure, PK15 adapted to tolerate up to 40 mM of heme. An RNA-seq analysis of these heme-adapted PK15 cells (PK15H) revealed a set of altered genes, mainly involved in cell proliferation, metabolism, and inflammation. We found that cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (CYP1A1), lactoperoxidase (LPO), and glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPX5) were upregulated in the PK15H heme dose dependently. When we reduced serum serially from 2% to serum free, we derived the PK15H subpopulation that was transiently maintained with 5–10 mM heme extract. Altogether, our study reports a porcine cell culturable in high-heme media that can be maintained in serum-free conditions and proposes a marker gene that plays a critical role in this adaptation process.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 5824 |
Journal | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Volume | 25 |
Issue number | 11 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 2024 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2024 by the authors.
Keywords
- cultured meat
- cytochrome P450
- family 1
- glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPX5)
- heme
- lactoperoxidase (LPO)
- polypeptide 1 (CYP1A1)
- porcine cell
- serum free
- subfamily A