Effects of Amnioreduction before Physical Examination-Indicated Cerclage on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Propensity Score Matched Study †

This study investigated the effects of amnioreduction before physical examination-indicated cerclage on pregnancy outcomes using a propensity score matching analysis. This multicenter retrospective cohort study included women who underwent cerclage operations due to painless cervical dilation in the second trimester (14–28 weeks). The primary outcome was the time from operation until delivery. Secondary outcomes included preterm birth rate and neonatal outcomes. Primary and secondary outcomes were compared between those with amnioreduction and those without amnioreduction. Of 103 women, 31 received preoperative amnioreduction (amnioreduction group) and 72 women did not (no-amnioreduction group). Since there were differences in baseline characteristics and preoperative ultrasound findings between the two groups, we matched 25 women with amnioreduction and 25 women without amnioreduction using a propensity score. In the matched cohort, the amnioreduction group showed a shorter time from operation to delivery than the group without amnioreduction and the hazard ratio of amnioreduction was 2.5 (95% confidence interval; 1.4–4.7). In addition, the preterm birth rate before 28 weeks of gestation and the neonatal composite outcome were higher in the amnioreduction group than that in the group without amnioreduction. Amnioreduction before physical examination-indicated cerclage was associated with poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Therefore, careful consideration is required when performing amnioreduction before cerclage operation.