Fate of osteophytes and sclerosis in fused segments after lumbar fusion

STUDY DESIGN.: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE.: To investigate the fate of sclerosis and anterior osteophytes in the fused segments after instrumented lumbar fusion for degenerative lumbar disorders. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA.: Sclerosis and osteophytosis are well-known radiographical findings, but little is known of their significance with regard to spontaneous resorption after spine fusion. METHODS.: Thirty patients (9 males, 21 females; 60 vertebra; mean age of 66.9 yr [45-86 yr]) were divided into a posterolateral fusion group (n = 14, 28 vertebrae) and a posterior lumbar interbody fusion group (n = 16, 32 vertebrae). Using serial radiographs obtained preoperatively; postoperatively at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months; and last follow-up, sclerotic areas of each involved vertebra were mapped and osteophyte lengths were measured. RESULTS.: Sclerosis and osteophytes decreased with time for the instrumented fusion. The decrease in sclerotic areas and osteophytes length was observed as early as 3 months postoperatively, and the significant changes between each time point were noted in initial 3- and 6-month intervals. In terms of the type of surgery, similar changes were noted in the posterolateral fusion and posterior lumbar interbody fusion groups. CONCLUSION.: Resorption of osteophytes and sclerosis after instrumented spine fusion were observed. Significant resorption was noted at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. As well, most graft bone would be incorporated in postoperative 6 months. Resorption of osteophytes and sclerosis after instrumented spine fusion could be helpful to confirm the successful union.