Inhibition of adhesion and fibrosis improves the outcome of epididymectomy as a treatment for chronic epididymitis: A multicenter, randomized controlled, single-blind study

Purpose: We measured the effectiveness of inhibition of adhesion and fibrosis on patient outcomes after epididymectomy as a treatment for chronic epididymitis. Materials and Methods: An initial cohort of 152 patients was treated conservatively for chronic epididymitis. Of these patients 43 did not respond to conservative treatment and following informed consent they were enrolled in the clinical trial. The patients were randomized into 2 groups so that 22 underwent epididymectomy with concurrent administration of the inhibitors of adhesion and fibrosis hyaluronic acid and carboxymethylcellulose (group 1), and 21 underwent epididymectomy only (group 2). Visual analog pain scores and patient satisfaction scores were obtained at postoperative weeks 4, 12 and 24. Results: There were no postoperative complications such as wound infection or hematoma in either group. One patient was lost to followup from group 1 and 2 were lost from group 2. At postoperative week 24, 12 patients (57.1%) from group 1 and 3 (15.8%) from group 2 were pain-free, 6 (28.6%) from group 1 and 6 (31.6%) from group 2 exhibited limited pain relief, 2 (9.5%) from group 1 and 7 (36.8%) from group 2 exhibited no pain relief, and 1 (4.8%) from group 1 and 3 (15.8%) from group 2 exhibited recurrence of pain after initial resolution at earlier followup intervals (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Inhibition of adhesion and fibrosis after epididymectomy as a treatment for chronic epididymitis improves pain relief and patient satisfaction.