Managing a patient with pulmonary thromboembolic disease presenting with active haemoptysis: a case report

Background Pulmonary thromboembolism and active haemoptysis represent distinct yet critical emergencies necessitating immediate intervention. However, the treatment protocols for these conditions—anticoagulation therapy and haemostatic therapy—often pose a dilemma. Case summary We present the case of a 25-year-old female who presented to our emergency room with haemoptysis and a concurrent diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism. Due to persistent active haemoptysis, we temporarily paused anticoagulation and opted for surgical pulmonary thrombectomy, enabling the safe resumption of anticoagulation therapy. Discussion Haemoptysis occurring in pulmonary thromboembolism is infrequently reported in the literature, and established treatment guidelines for such cases are lacking. This case could provide guidance on how to handle the intricate treatment challenges posed by concurrent haemoptysis and pulmonary thromboembolism.