Radiological and ethical considerationsof autopsy in mummy study

There is a strong research trend in mummy studies to use non-invasive techniques. Their scientific value should not be underestimated. In fact, we are in accord with the ethical point of view on their preferential use. In the course of mummy studies, however, we often experienced that noninvasive (e.g., mostly radiological) techniques could not be fully relied upon. For those cases, a judicious utilization of autopsy often improves the accuracy of radiological interpretation. This is because radiological technique cannot completely substitute for direct examination through autopsy in many cases. In such cases, we are cognizant that autopsy is unquestionably the most invasive procedure. However, its scientific significance should not be overlooked. Mummy autopsy is not a research undertaken for mere satisfaction of curiosity, but is a strong tool that complements the interpretations of mummy radiology. In all cases, at every moment of mummy study, the best choice of investigative options is consistent with research ethics and efficiency.