Sleep deprivation, headache, and Fos immunohistochemistry

Headache is a well-known pain disorder that may associate with sleep state and sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation enhances pain response and is negatively correlated with the pain threshold in headache patients. Various brain structures have a mutual effect on nociceptive transmission and sleep modulation, which was investigated by animal research. In this chapter, we would like to briefly describe the relationship between headache and sleep, emphasizing on the following: First, the pathophysiologic relationship between sleep deprivation and headache. Second, the modulation mechanism in headache and sleep-wake cycles. Third, pharmacologic aspect of headache and sleep. Finally, we will introduce several animal models for the experimental approach of headache and sleep deprivation and present meaningful study results, focusing on fos immunochemistry.