The Glasgow prognostic score as a significant predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Background: Many studies have reported both systemic inflammatory response and malnutrition provide valuable predictions of prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to assess the association between the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) by combining C-reactive protein and serum albumin concentration, and clinical outcomes in patients with ACS. Methods: This retrospective study included patients admitted for ACS between June 2010 and May 2013 in St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea. In this study, high GPS was defined as a GPS ≥ 1. Primary outcomes were 12-month all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, stroke, stent thrombosis and target vessel revascularization. We used an inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis to adjust for potential confounding covariates and presented event rates with Kaplan–Meier curves. Results: Total 593 patients were included and follow-up for a median 3.7 years. The patients were classified into two groups: GPS = 0 (n = 424, 71.5%) and GPS ≥ 1 (n = 169, 28.5%). The incidences of primary outcomes were 4% and 8.9% for the GPS = 0 and GPS ≥ 1, respectively. The primary outcomes and all-cause mortality difference between the two groups were significantly within 1 month in the Kaplan–Meier curve analysis (log rank p < 0.001, log rank p < 0.001, respectively). IPTW analysis showed high GPS was independently associated with higher incidence of primary outcomes (HR: 2.206; 95% CI: 1.085–4.486; p = 0.029), higher all-cause mortality (HR: 5.963; 95% CI: 2.068–17.190; p < 0.001) and higher cardiovascular mortality (HR: 6.122; 95% CI: 1.882–19.914; p = 0.003). Conclusions: High GPS is independently associated with both total and cardiovascular mortality in patients with ACS. Hence, GPS could be helpful in predicting mortality in ACS patients.