Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy for Left L3–4 Extraforaminal Disc Herniation With Upward Migration Under Local Anesthesia

A 50-year-old man presented with chief complaints of low back pain and left lower limb radic-ulopathy. He was limping due to excruciating pain on walking, and his visual analogue scale score for left leg pain was 8 out of 10. He had these symptoms for 2 months after he fell down from his bike, with recent aggravation of pain. On examination, his left hip flexion was grade 4/5 and left knee extension was grade 3/5, with dysesthesia and numbness along the left an-terolateral thigh. The patient underwent transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy) under local anesthesia with an excellent outcome. This video presents a step-by-step explanation of how to perform transforaminal lumbar discectomy.